Industrial yarn is designed and engineered to be incorporated into products where oftentimes, a functional requirement supersedes aesthetic considerations. Used by non-apparel industry product manufacturers, industrial yarns are typically a component part of a product to enhance the strength, durability, performance and other high-value properties of the product.
What key components should be included on an industrial yarn or thread specification?
Yarn size
This
could be listed in denier, decitex, tex, cotton count and a variety of
other measures. The yarn size ultimately determines the yield of the
product. Polyester POY, Polyester FDY, Polyester DTY and Twist Yarn
Yarn Construction
The construction of a yarn product goes hand in hand with the yarn size. Is it important to use two ends of a single base yarn plied together, such as 1000/2 or can a single end of 2000DN be used. Does the material need to be twisted, cabled, or wound with multiple ends.
Fiber Type
Clearly state the fiber type such as polyester, nylon, aramid, polypropylene, polyethylene, or specialty fiber. Also include important characteristics such as whether the material should be high tenacity, low shrinkage, or high modulus. Where possible, try not to include a specific merge or lot number of raw material as that can limit available options for substituting equivalent products.
Tensile properties
Strength, elongation, modulus of material
Twist direction and twist levels
Twist direction can affect how the material pays off on your equipment and can also affect the way the product reflects light. Twist levels can affect the diameter of the yarn, the amount of coverage the yarn provides in your product and can also affect the strength and abrasion resistance of the material.
Heat shrinkage / hot air shrinkage
This is specifically important for rubber goods that need to be vulcanized, but can also apply to other applications where the material is exposed to high heat. If yarn shrinks too much, it can draw down the diameter of a hose or affect how the yarn would lay in a belting application.
Tube size / cone size
It is important for yarn to be wound on the correct size tube or cone to fit on your equipment. Critical characteristics for sizing include length, inside diameter, and thickness. Additionally, it is helpful to know if you require transfer tails to enable continuous runs or if there are any yarn joining methods that can be used.
Package
dimensions- for most applications, the package dimensions are critical.
The type of equipment that is being used to process yarn typically have
package weight and diameter restrictions, so these values should always
be included.
Treatment Type/Amount
If particular coating or treatment is applied to an industrial yarn, it is typically specified. If the treatment is proprietary or unknown, the purpose of the treatment should be listed. Examples of treatments include swellable, non wicking, isocyanates and adhesion promotors, waxes, bonding treatments, and sewing lubricants
Test methods that can be reproduced
It is imperative that test methods align with ASTM standards so they are reproducible, accurate and in compliance with a yarn’s specifications. If your test method includes wrapping a yarn around your hand a couple times, you’re not alone. However, this is not an accurate test method and can leave room for error and inconsistencies.
If you don't have specifications for some of your products, your industrial yarn supplier should be able to provide a detailed specification or be able to create one for you based on one physical sample package.
Ejyarn supplies multiple textile industry and has broad knowledge about yarn and fiber application best practices. Our expert yarn engineers can help review the accuracy of your specification and recommend the best industrial yarn product for your end use. Contact us to find out what fiber type and product construction will work best for your application. Best polyester yarn list for your needs.
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